TWS gutegera ibimenyetso bya ADM
Hamwe no gukura guhoraho kwa TWS (True wireless stereo) isoko yumutwe. Abakoresha ibyo bakeneye kuburambe bwibicuruzwa nabyo byazamuwe kuva muburyo bworoshye bwihuse kugera kurwego rwo hejuru. Kurugero, guhera uyumwaka, umubare munini wamajwi ya TWS yerekana guhamagarwa kugaragara ku isoko.
Kugirango ushoboze itumanaho ryumvikana neza mubidukikije bisakuza cyane, birashoboka kubyara gahunda zihuza ibimenyetso biva mumatwi yimbere na mikoro yo hanze kugirango dushyire mubikorwa tekinoroji yubwenge, ibidukikije-ihuza na sub-band ivanze. Mubyukuri, amasosiyete amwe n'amwe ya algorithm yo mu gihugu no mumahanga yiyemeje ibi, kandi yageze kubisubizo bimwe.
Birumvikana ko ibigo byinshi byakemuye ubu byibanda cyane kubisubizo byo kugabanya urusaku nkibisubizo bya AI (iyi ni imwe), ariko mubyukuri, birarushijeho kuba byiza kubisubizo bihari byo kugabanya urusaku, bityo iki gice kivanyweho, reka turebe ibice bimwe byibanze ubanza Intangiriro, nibyo, icyo guhamagarira kugabanya urusaku bishobora gukora.
Muri rusange, guhamagara urusaku rushingiye kuri Uplink (uplink) na Downlink (downlink). Microphone hafi ya Array / AEC / NS / EQ / AGC / DRC, umubano wumvikana nuburyo bukurikira:
ADM (Adaptive Directional Microphone Array) ni tekinoroji yo gutunganya ibimenyetso bya digitale ikora mikoro yerekeza cyangwa ihagarika urusaku ikoresheje mikoro ebyiri gusa. ADM ihita ihindura ibiranga icyerekezo cyayo kugirango itange urusaku rwiza rwibidukikije bitandukanye mugihe hagaragaye ibimenyetso bihagije. Uburyo bwo guhuza n'imihindagurikire yihuta, bufite uburyo bwo guhitamo inshuro nyinshi, kandi bushobora gukuraho icyarimwe icyarimwe.
Usibye ibyiza byayo biranga icyerekezo, ADM irashobora kwibasirwa n urusaku rwumuyaga kuruta mikoro gakondo ya acoustic. Ikoranabuhanga rya ADM ryemerera ubwoko bubiri bwa mikoro: "endfire" na "firefire".
Muburyo bwa finfire, inkomoko yikimenyetso (umunwa wumukoresha) iri kumurongo (umurongo uhuza mikoro ebyiri). Muburyo bwagutse, ireba umurongo ugororotse kumurongo utambitse.
Muburyo bwa finfire, ADM ifite uburyo bubiri bwo gukora; “Kuganira kure” na “kuganira-hafi”. Muburyo bwa kure, ADM ikora nka mikoro nziza yicyerekezo, ihuza ibimenyetso uhereye inyuma no kumpande mugihe urinda ibimenyetso imbere. Muburyo bwo kuganira hafi, ADM ikora nka mikoro nziza yo guhagarika urusaku, ikuraho neza amajwi ya kure. Ubwisanzure bugereranije bwo gushushanya acoustic butuma ADM iba nziza kuri terefone ngendanwa, ituma “byoroshye” guhinduranya hagati y’abavuga rikijyana n’abavuga hafi. Ariko, mugihe ubu bwoko bwibishushanyo bukoreshwa kuri terefone, cyane cyane TWS ya terefone, birabujijwe cyane n’uko uyikoresha ayambara neza. Kimwe na airpods, umwanditsi yabonye ko abantu benshi bafite "ubwoko bwose budasanzwe" bambara uburyo muri metero, bamwe muribo ni ugutwi kwabakoresha. Imiterere, hamwe na bamwe bambara ingeso, bitera algorithm ntabwo byanze bikunze ikora mubihe byiza.
Guhagarika Acoustic Echo (AEC)
Iyo igice cyikimenyetso muri duplex (icyarimwe inzira-ebyiri) itumanaho ryagarutse kubimenyetso byatanzwe, byitwa "echo". Mugereranya intera ndende kandi hafi ya sisitemu zose zitumanaho rya digitale, ndetse nibimenyetso bito bya echo bishobora gutera intambamyi kubera gutinda kwurugendo-rugendo.
Mu itumanaho ryijwi ryijwi, urusaku rwa acoustic rutangwa kubera guhuza acoustic hagati yumuvugizi na mikoro. Bitewe no gutunganya bidafite umurongo bikoreshwa mumuyoboro witumanaho, nka majwi yatakaye hamwe na transoding, echo ya acoustic igomba gutunganyirizwa mugace (guhagarikwa) imbere mubikoresho.
Urusaku rw'urusaku (NS)
Tekinoroji yo guhagarika urusaku igabanya urusaku ruhagaze nigihe gito mubimenyetso byerekana imvugo imwe, bitezimbere igipimo cy-urusaku, kunezeza imvugo, kandi bigabanya umunaniro wo kumva.
Birumvikana, hari uburyo bwinshi bwihariye muriki gice, nka BF (Beamforming), cyangwa PF (Post filter) nubundi buryo bwo guhindura. Muri rusange, AEC, NS, BF, na PF nibice byingenzi byo kugabanya urusaku. Nukuri ko buri algorithm itanga igisubizo ifite ibyiza nibibi.
Muburyo busanzwe bwo gutumanaho amajwi, urwego rwibimenyetso byijwi rushobora gutandukana cyane bitewe nintera iri hagati yumukoresha na mikoro, kandi bitewe nibiranga umuyoboro witumanaho.
Dynamic Range Compression (DRC) ninzira yoroshye yo kunganya urwego rwibimenyetso. Kwiyunvikana bigabanya urwego rwikimenyetso mukugabanya (compressing) ibice bikomeye byo kuvuga mugihe urinze bihagije ibice byamagambo. Kubwibyo, ibimenyetso byose birashobora kongerwaho byongeweho kugirango ibimenyetso bidakomeye byumvikane neza.
Ikoranabuhanga rya AGC ryongera imibare yunguka ibimenyetso (amplification) mugihe ibimenyetso byijwi bidakomeye, kandi bikabihagarika mugihe ibimenyetso byijwi bikomeye. Ahantu huzuye urusaku, abantu bakunda kuvuga cyane, kandi ibyo birahita bishyiraho mikoro ya mikoro yunguka agaciro gake, bityo bikagabanya urusaku rwibidukikije mugihe ijwi ryinyungu kurwego rwiza. Nanone, ahantu hatuje, abantu bavuga bucece kuburyo amajwi yabo yongerwaho na algorithm nta rusaku rwinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-07-2022
